Archive for the 'Nukes' Category

Hwang Jang Yop on Yongbyon

Hwang jang YopHwang Jang Yop, as you know, is a well-known staple on the DailyNK. On my usual travels to the DailyNK, I read what the guy has to say. To be honest, I sometimes do not understand his mindset. Perhaps it is because I do not understand the full nature of the DPRK while he does. A column regarding Kim Jong Il’s nuclear activities is no exception. According to this entry:

Regarding North Korea’s demolition show at the Yongbyon nuclear reactor on June 27, Hwang Jang Yop, President of the Committee for the Democratization of North Korea, said that Kim Jong Il used the already useless Yongbyon nuclear complex in his negotiations with the U.S.

Emphasis mine. I do not really understand the jist of the opening paragraph, and the only thing I can glean from this is perhaps Yongbyon is a used up card in the negotiations with the United States? I doubt it reading the article further, and I think Hwang is trying to say North Korea only uses the crappy Yongbyon complex as a front. So it appears North Korea gets to keep the nukes via HEU while getting goodies for “cooperation”. According to Hwang:

“North Korea refers to the Yongbyon nuclear complex only when it talks about freezing nuclear facilities.” He said, “The Yongbyon nuclear reactor was used to produce plutonium for nuclear weapons. Indeed, it has already produced enough [nuclear weapons].”

He said, “In 1996, I heard the secretary in charge of the munitions industry saying, ‘We do not need plutonium any more. We can now produce nuclear weapons with Uranium-235.’ North Korea must have subsequently produced nuclear weapons using its uranium enrichment program.”

So this implies Yongbyon was past its usefulness a long time ago. That is not surprising. What I noticing in the negotiations process, North Korea shows a veneer of cooperation to get aid while at the same time doing the HEU program in secret. The thing is, the HEU program is highly suspected and of course, North Korea denies such a program. This is not a surprise either, and is not news:

Hwang said, “The North Korea nuclear problem gives the impression of having been resolved at the Six Party Talks. However, North Korea still refuses to admit that it cooperated with Pakistan to develop nuclear weapons using enriched uranium.” He stressed that North Korea must declare and destroy its HEU programs in accordance with the February 13 Agreement.

From what I have been reading, the United States is very skeptical about the declaration and feels it is incomplete. Hwang in this article does not talk about the removing North Korea from the blacklist of state sponsors of terror, but this does go to show just how much work is left to de-nuclearize the secretive state. Also, this agreement does not even cover the suspected chemical/biological weapons, human rights abuses, illicit trade, or funny money. On the other hand, the United States does want more information about possible cooperation with others such as Syria among other things. If North Korea does declare such things is another thing. As we all know, Kim Jong Il is all about stop and go. In the meantime, next comes the very difficult process of verification. In North Korea, verification is probably the most difficult in the world and is not called the most secretive state for nothing. So my question is, in the light of all of this, why does the United States remove North Korea from the blacklist when it has not cooperated fully? Perhaps for legacy, a “better than nothing” approach or heaven knows what else. All I know it is a joke in my opinion.

Hwang Jang Yop believes Kim Jong Il will not use nukes:

Hwang also said, “Kim Jong Il is a selfish coward. He would never use nuclear weapons because he knows that he would lose his life if he does.”

I do agree North Korea will not use nukes, and I also believe North Korea does not have the means to use them in an efficient manner. I am utterly convinced North Korea only uses the nukes as a card of political survival. The issue is, this card is starting to fade with all the pressures mounting on the regime such as serious economical shocks. I am also utterly convinced the entire scope of North Korea’s activities will only be known once Kim and his regime is gone. With the aid coming, this will be delayed longer. However, as I said a thousand times, it is only a matter of time before the regime does implode. I think no outside intervention is needed for that to happen. Eventually, the aid will not help and the regime will come crashing down. North Korea brought severe isolation on itself, and the extreme paranoia is starting to show signs of extreme wear.

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Declare your nukes now… OK, OK, we can wait.

I have been really engaged on the Beyond Belief series, but I think this blog needs something Korea related today. It has been a pretty slow news cycle, and while the DPRK balks, all the rest can do is wait to see what happens. However, it does not mean the negotiations are not going on, and right now, it seems despite the hard-line placed on the agreed framework, it was absolutely no surprise North Korea would not deliver, and it was also not a surprise despite the hard talking from the other sides of the table, they are now willing to wait. How long are they willing to wait? The Korea Times seems to have more:

The plan calls for North Korea to disable its key nuclear facilities no later than March and disclose details of its nuclear programs, according to the sources.

Seoul wants to draw up a timetable for the full dismantlement of the North’s nuclear programs and initiate negotiations on building a peace mechanism on the peninsula in the first half of the year, they said.

“We expect the disablement of North Korea’s nuclear plants including the removal of nuclear fuel rods to be completed by March,” a ministry official told reporters, asking not to be named. ``Pyongyang should provide a full list of its nuclear programs by that time.”

(Emphasis mine) Timetables are great and wonderful, but from what I see, where are the consequences if the DPRK does not hold its end of the deal? A sulk? That’s what it looks like to me. The U.S. wants one sooner, but I am sure all sides agree sooner is better. Whatever the case may be, it is in North Korea’s court, and Kim Jong Il is holding the ball.

U.S. chief nuclear envoy Christopher Hill urged the North to declare the list before the inauguration of the Lee Myung-bak government Feb. 25.

“There is no reason why we cannot finish the job in 2008,” he told reporters in Seoul after a meeting with President-elect Lee.

Nope, there was also no reason why the North could not give the list at the end of December, but it was not delivered, right? It is understandable removing of fuel rods is dangerous and takes time, but it does not mean a piece of paper cannot be delivered in the meantime. Of course, the North claims the declaration was given in November, but somehow got lost en route. I wish I could do that with my bills without consequence. Furthermore, the North is slowing down the process until it gets more goodies on top of it.

This part of the article does not make much sense:

Seoul has been trying to initiate talks over establishing a peace regime on the peninsula, replacing the current armistice signed by the United States, China and North Korea at the end of the 1950-53 Korean War.

The war ended in a truce, not a peace treaty, leaving the two Koreas technically at war. South Korea wants to issue a joint declaration with parties to the truce for putting an end to the war, which it sees as a preliminary step to a permanent peace treaty.

However, the U.S. government is skeptical about a war-ending declaration before Pyongyang’s full denuclearization.

Seoul calls for a peace treaty in 2010. So does this imply the U.S. is willing to wait until 2010? I’ll ponder over this one for a while.

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The path to collapse: China to step in (Full PDF available)?

ChinaThere has been speculation and I have speculated along with many others if the government should finally implode or explode. We do know the economy already collapsed a while ago, and the DPRK has been dependent on aid to keep the regime going. We also know it is hanging by a thread, and numerous reports from defectors and elsewhere has suggested the dire situation in North Korea. One of the speculations is once the regime is finally gone, who would take over, what plans are in place and the long term goals of the North if it should suddenly topple. One of the more well known speculations is China would step in. While not all agree with it, I think we can all agree China does have some vested interest in North Korea pre- and post-collapse. However, I do not have a crystal ball, so it is very hard to say what the future may bring. Whatever the case, sudden collapse will be painful and a mess. I cannot see it any other way.

Continue reading ‘The path to collapse: China to step in (Full PDF available)?’

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Matching the South with the North and other news

The game continues with the new president of the ROK to entice the reclusive leader of the socialist paradise to come clean and get some goodies. So far, Pyongyang remains defiant. If the North will accept the deal or not is one thing, but if this is talking billions to help shore up the already crumbled economy, maybe it is time for Kim to realize his regime survival depends on such outside help. The downside to all of this is, it means the leader has to make a full declaration which most likely will never come. Does this mean the outside will succumb to a partial list? It is hard to say how the North will play the cards, but it is very clear the North will drag its heels for as long as it can. So far, not much has been done. According to this story:

[...]

He said that as part of President-elect Lee’s plan to persuade the North to abandon its nuclear weapons, the next administration will establish an international cooperation fund of up to $40 billion.

(Emphasis mine) That is a lot of money for the impoverished North, and the plan is the following:

Spokesman Lee says the funds would be raised with the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank to support the impoverished North’s economic growth. He did not name specific projects, but experts say the fund would first be used to rebuild tattered North Korean infrastructure such as railroads, highways, and shipping facilities.

The question is, with all that money, will there be oversight to see where this money really goes? That is pretty doubtful because it is so difficult if not impossible to have an account of what the Dear Leader does with the money once he does get it. Also, the process of getting the North in line with the South will be a very expensive and long process. I really doubt this is an attempt to get the North in line with the South as much as it may be to keep the regime afloat for a little while longer. It has been that way for decades anyway. On the other hand, until such action has taken place and the North responds to the incentives, it is very difficult to know how it will play out. I am going to guess that amount of cash is going to be very difficult to resist considering the serious quagmire of the collapsed Juche economic plans. At this stage, it is damage control and has been that way for a pretty long time. Both sides have to be aware of this,especially Kim.

Continue reading ‘Matching the South with the North and other news’

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…and we end 2007 and start 2008 with no declaration

The deadline passes and now we see what happens next. Reuters reports:

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Kim Jong Il does not want to give up nuclear fuel and other news

yongbyon.jpgThis should come as no surprise whatsoever. According to the Chosun Ilbo:

North Korea claims that nuclear fuel and a cooling tower are not subject to disablement of nuclear facilities under a six-nation agreement signed in February, it emerged Saturday. According to diplomatic sources in Washington, a U.S. delegation of nuclear experts has visited North Korea several times, demanding the North dispose of unused nuclear fuel and destroy the nuclear cooling tower during the disablement stage.

(Emphasis and link mine) I had a feeling something would come along such as this. North Korea is always on this cat and mouse game, and on top of not coming clean with the uranium enrichment found on the tubes, now this. I am wondering how Washington and the other six-party members are going to react on this. At this stage of the game, it is too early to say, but one thing is crystal clear: The deadline is ticking down to the wire, and North Korea balks at the last second despite all the promises made before. When are people going to learn that Kim Jong Il cannot be trusted?

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Press Conference with Condi Rice regarding North Korea and other topics

I saw this press conference on C-Span earlier today and found it pretty interesting. Have a watch (about 45 mins.), and decide for yourself what is between the lines:

Specific to North Korea (Full transcript here):

In East Asia, we have made progress this year toward our goal of denuclearizing the Korean Peninsula. After agreeing to implement the September 2005 joint statement, North Korea shut down and is now disabling its Yongbyon facilities. We expect North Korea to honor the pledge it made in the six-party talks, to make a complete and accurate declaration of all its nuclear programs. Of course, other challenges and flashpoints of conflict remain in East Asia and we will monitor those closely. In the Taiwan Strait, for example, the United States remains committed to peace and security. We oppose any threat to use force and any unilateral move by either side to change the status quo. We have a One China policy and we do not support independence for Taiwan.

Which goes along with the previous post I made and is making a buzz around the Internet and blogs. The Taiwan issue is interesting and I want to study that further. If other readers have more information and/or background on this, I would be interested. It goes a little further on the issue:

As we have stated in recent months, we think that Taiwan’s referendum to apply to the United Nations under the name “Taiwan” is a provocative policy. It unnecessarily raises tensions in the Taiwan Strait and it promises no real benefits for the people of Taiwan on the international stage. That is why we oppose this referendum.

I guess that makes some sense, but I am not too sure about the broader picture or the history of this issue. Anyway, going back to the nuclear issue, six-party talks and North Korea, with a lot of tight-lipness, a reporter asks about the uranium found in centrifuges:

QUESTION: I’m wondering if you can tell us what you think the significance is of the discovery of enriched uranium on these — the samples of aluminum tubes from the North Koreans. Will this complicate the six-party process and will it — does it raise any flags ahead of the declaration which they are supposed to present in about 10 days?

SECRETARY RICE: Well, I’m not going to comment on specific reports or certainly on intelligence matters, but we have been very clear that we expect a declaration from North Korea that is complete and that is accurate. As you know, we have long been concerned about highly enriched uranium as an alternative route in North Korea and so we expect there to be a declaration that is complete and accurate. I also want to note that there is a considerable diplomatic effort underway not just by the United States, but by other members of the six-party talks to make certain that we can complete this second phase, both with the disablement, which I should underscore is going very well, and with the declaration. I sincerely hope that we’ll — it’ll be by the end of the year. But the key here is to get the process right and we’re going to stay at this until we get it right.

There was some hesitation and seemed open ended when making this statement. That was just my take on it, but like anything North Korea, it is still up in the air on what kind of card North Korea will play next. The ball is clearly in their court right now, and what they will say is unclear at the moment. As stated before, I kind of doubt North Korea will admit any uranium enrichment program. How others including the United States will react to such a thing (if it happens) is another thing altogether. If there is evidence of such activity, how will it affect the talks? That is something I am really interested in seeing taking place. However, Condi seems very mum about any details as expected.

And another question about Iran and North Korea:

QUESTION: Do you — can I ask you a follow-up? Do you see opportunities to visit countries like North Korea and Iran and Syria before the end of your term if they were to significantly improve their (inaudible)?

SECRETARY RICE: Look, we don’t have permanent enemies; the United States doesn’t. What we have is a policy that is open to ending conflict and confrontation with any country that is willing to meet us on those terms. And we’ve given very clear paths with our allies. It’s not a unilateral U.S. policy, but with our allies, we’ve given very clear paths and very clear pathways for improving relations with all of those countries. If, in fact, we continue on a path of completing the next stages on North Korean denuclearization, if the denuclearization continues, then the agreement that we signed in September 2005 and the February 19th agreement of last year is very clear on a pathway toward better political relations between the United States and North Korea. And there can be many different opportunities within that context of improved relations.

And on Iran, I continue to say that if Iran will just do the one thing that is required of it by the Security Council resolutions that have been passed, and that is suspend its enrichment and reprocessing activities, then I’m prepared to meet my counterpart anyplace and anytime and anywhere and we can talk about anything. So let’s not get ahead of ourselves. Let’s see if countries are prepared to take that path. But the United States doesn’t have permanent enemies. We’re too great a country for that.

So there is the carrot. Will North Korea take it? Time will tell on that one.

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North Korea, uranium, denials and dragging feet: The missing Team America scene

Kim Jong IlAs expected, North Korea is dragging its feet on disclosing any current and past nuclear activities despite the “trust me” story they would do so by the end of this year. To add insult to injury, reports indicate scientists found traces of uranium were found. According to the Washington Post:

U.S. scientists have discovered traces of enriched uranium on smelted aluminum tubing provided by North Korea, apparently contradicting Pyongyang’s denial that it had a clandestine nuclear program, according to U.S. and diplomatic sources.

(Emphasis mine) As always, North Korea denies a lot of things especially its nuclear programs. This case should be no different nor surprising. In any case, if the reports are true North Korea has been enriching uranium, it does complicate the process. Thus, the denials and accusations are stepped up along with added snags in the already sticky negotiations process. In my opinion, North Korea will not open up, will most likely only cherry pick what they want to disclose, and since nobody knows what is really going on inside North Korea, all outsiders can do is (again) go on a “trust me” basis. This gives Kim a lot of leeway, and everybody knows it. So if uranium has been found, how does this change the field in the negotiations process? The article gives us a little more detail:

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A letter to the Dear Leader and other news

Kim Il SungBefore I begin the next blog post, let me say “welcome back”. I finally got some space for this thing, and it is good until sometime in July, so that means this site should be around a little while longer. As for the frequency of the posts, that may be another issue altogether, because the personal problems are still there. I do not know how it is going to work out, so I am in the dark as much as anybody else.

Also, the forums are there in case any readers would like to discuss things regarding North Korea, current news, politics, off topic threads and other things. None of the users that post here will be tied to the forums, so users will have to register before comments and/or threads can be made. I hope you will take the time to register, tell your friends and perhaps some interesting discussions can take place at the DPRK Forum Forums. There is nothing on there right now, and since I am way behind on the postings of this blog, I will have little time to post stuff on there, but I may make some posts as far as open threads and questions are concerned, will disable comments for that posting, and direct others to the topic at hand on the forums in the most likely feeble attempt to get others to sign up there and start the discussions. I do not know how that will work yet.

Now to the news.

A lot has been going on in the news, and one of them is the letter to the Dear Leader. From the New York Times:

WASHINGTONResponding to a recent letter from President Bush, North Korea agreed on Friday to follow through on its pledge to denuclearize the Korean Peninsula, provided the United States reciprocates by normalizing relations between the countries.

President Bush said Friday that his initial letter, which was delivered by Assistant Secretary of State Christopher R. Hill to the North Korean leader, Kim Jong-il, on Dec. 5, achieved its purpose.

I got his attention with a letter and he can get my attention by fully disclosing his programs, including any plutonium he may have processed and converted some of that into whatever he’s used it for. We just need to know,” Mr. Bush told reporters in the Rose Garden after a cabinet meeting. “As well, he can get our attention by fully disclosing his proliferation activities.

Emphasis mine. That’s as obvious as the sun rises, but what is not obvious is to what extent Kim will disclose his programs. In my mind, there is really no failsafe way to fully know if everything has been disclosed, and that kind of bothers me. Perhaps North Korea will do it, but if we look to the past, it has not happened before, and while promises were made over and over again, something happens and some ace is up the sleeve. My question is, what will the ace be if any?

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When Marcus Noland speaks, we should listen

When it comes to economics of North Korea and the region, the man to look to is Marcus Noland. An interesting story came down the pike today on the DailyNK.

This week KREI released a report indicating that North Korea faces famine. The staff at KREI are serious researchers. They are not necessarily right, but they are serious…”

Taken from an on-line interview with Daily NK in October, the words of Marcus Noland, renown American economist and author of award winning book Avoiding the Apocalypse: the Future of the Two Koreas, remind us all that history may repeat itself if NGO, KREI, and WFP figures ring true. (I added the links)

If you have not read One Free Korea’s excellent report on Marcus Noland and Stephen Haggard’s book, Famine in North Korea, then it is a must read to get a general overview on it.

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